Thomas g



(No Model.)

T. G. BENNETT.

CARTRIDGE. No. 590,428. Patented Sept. 21,1897.

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THOMAS G. BENNETT, OF NEYV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE \VINOIIESTER REPEATING ARMS COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

CARTRIDGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,428, dated September 21,

Application filed April 23, 1 894.

To all whom it may concern: 7 1

Be it known that I, THOMAS G. BENNETT, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvementin Cartridges; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a view in side elevation of one form which a cartridge constructed in accordance with my invention may'assume; Fig. 2, an end view thereof, looking toward the head of the cartridge; Fig. 3, a view of the cartridge, partly in elevation and partly in central longitudinal section; Fig. 4, a detached view in side elevation of the bullet; Fig. 5, a detached perspective view of the cup-shaped gas-check.

My invention relates to an improvement in cartridges for use in that class of magazinearms having tubular magazines, the object being to produce a simple and highly effective cartridge adapted to be loaded with nitro or smokeless powder and constructed with particular reference to the resistance of the shortening tendency of the endwise battering to which cartridges are subjected in magazines of the character described by the springs thereof.

lVith these-ends in view myinvention consists in the combination,with a tubular bullet having a circumferential annular indentation formed in it and having its outer end made tapering and its rear end made substantially cylindrical, of a sheet-metal jacket having its ends turned inward into the rear and forward ends of the tubular bullet and formed between its ends with a cannelure which takes into the annular indentation formed in the bullet, whereby the jacket is secured thereto against endwise displacement, and a shell having the jacketed bullet inserted into its open end and itsedge turned into the said cannelure of the jacket.

said circumferential 1897. Serial No. 508,595. (No model.)

taining a cap B, charged with fulminate. The mouth of the shell receives a tubular bullet 0, made of lead or equivalent material and covered with a sheet-metal jacket D, 5 5 turned at its outer end over the point of the bullet and then inward to form a retainingflanged and at it sinner end turned over the base of the bullet and inward to form a retaining-flange d, which, as well as the flange d, is concentric with the bore of the bullet. A cannelure 01 formed in the jacket D about midway of the length of the bullet, is provided for the reception of the outer end a of the shell, which is forced by crimping or otherwise into the cannelure, which terminates at its outerend in a square shoulder, against which the end of the mouth of the-shell is directly seated, whereby the bullet is 'prevented from being forced inward into the 7.0 shell, while on the other hand the inner portion of the cannelure for-ms a rising bevel, which is embraced by the crimped portion of the shell, so as to prevent the bullet from moving outward. As thus constructed the bullet may be said to stand upon the mouth of the shell and effectually resists the pressure of the magazine-spring tending to drive it inward and shorten the cartridge and compress the nitro or "smokeless powder with which the same is loaded, The bullet is also firmly held against outward displacement in the shell, to obvious advantage in preserving the integrity of the length of the cartridge. In forming the cannelure in the jacket the same is, as shown, forced into the bullet slightly, whereby the jacket is more firmly secured in place and additional depth given to the cannelure; but this construction is not necessary, for the cannelure may, if desired, 0 be formed solely in the jacket and without indenting the bulleti It will be observed that the mouth of the shell is crimped into the cannelure in sucha manner as to form a practically smooth joint, so that the line of the shell is continued to the curve of the point of the bullet, whereby the cartridge is prevented from being caught in going ii to thechamber of the gun.

The jacket on the bullet prevents it from being melted or deformed by the great initial pressure developed by the explosion of the 5 r a prevents any gas from working forward along its sides, and

nitro or smokeless powder.

' tarmac The outer end of the jacket is turned over the point of -the bullet and inward to form the retaining-flange d, as described, to prevent being loosened on the bullet by the battering to which the point of the bullet is subjected, while on the other hand the inner end of the jacket is turned over the base of the bullet and inward to form the retaining-flange d, as described, to prevent the battering on the point of the bullet from forcing the lead inward out of the jacket.

I would call attention bullet tapers gradually 7 point, and that that portion of the bullet to the rear of the cannelure is nowhere reduced to the fact that the -in size, but tightly fits throughout its length within the mouth of the shell. The bullet is therefore adapted to take the rifling of the barrel throughout its length and prevented from assuming any other position in the barrel than that of perfect axial coincidence therewith, whereby good and accurate shooting is assured. Furthermore, by making the bullet of the shape shown and described it hence secures the highest pro.- jectile effect of the powder.

Within the shellI locate a cup-shaped sheet-' metal gas-check E, slightly tapering "in external diameter to conform to the the shell and placed therein so that its open end is turned inward away from the mouth of the shell in which it is located, so that the base 'of the bullet rests upon its closed outer end. The open inner end of the gas-check is interiorly beveled without changing its exterior lines to form a thin yielding edge,

which is .so thin that when the explosion of the powder within the shell takes pl ce it is expanded and caused to hug the inner walls of the shell and then the walls of the bore of the gun-barrel so tightly as to prevent the passage of any gas forward of the check. The said edge of the check is also adapted,

on account of its thinness, to be contracted and reduced in diameter by the walls of the shell as it is forced forward to permit the gasthe jacket from from its base to its taper of check to freely leave the same and-further contracted and reduced in diameter by the walls of the bore of the gun when it enters the same to permit the gas-check to freely leave the same, after which it will fall away from the bullet. This gas-check prevents any gas from escaping through the central longitudinal orifice or bore of the bullet.

I am aware thata tubular bullet having a jacket turned inward over its point and base to form retaining-flanges and inserted into a shell furnished with a gas-check located at the base of the bullet to'prevent the escape of gas through the center thereof is old. I

am further aware that it is old to construct a bullet with a ,cannelureand to crimp the end of the shell thereinto for holding the bullet in place] I am still further aware that a bullet containing a cannelure and having its base portion adapted to take a full bearing in the shell from the eannelure rearward is old. I do not, therefore, claim an'y of those constructions, broadly.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new,- and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl The cornbination'with a tubular'bullet hav ing a circumferential annular, indentation formed in it, and having its outer end made tapering and its rear end made substantially cylindrical; of a sheet-metal jacket having its ends turned inward into the rear and forward ends of the tubular bullet, and formed between its ends with a eannelure which takes into the said circumferential annular indentation formed in the bullet, whereby the jacket is secured thereto against endwise displacement; and a shell having the jacketed bullet inserted into its open end' and its edge turned into the said cannelure of the jacket, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS G. BENNETT.

Vitnesses:

DANIEL H. VEA'DER, A. W. EARLE. 

